Mokgosi was born in 1981 in Botswana. He studied for a BA at Williams College, Massachusetts and attended the Whitney Independent Study Program in New York. Thereafter, he completed his MFA under the mentorship of Mary Kelly at UCLA. He was an assistant professor at the Gallatin School, New York University, and has recently been appointed Associate Professor in Painting/Printmaking at the Yale School of Art.
In 2012, Mokgosi was awarded a Studio Museum residency and was the recipient of the Mohn Award during the Made in LA biennale at the Hammer Museum in Los Angeles. The latter award included funds for a monograph, titled Pax Kaffraria, which was published in 2014. In 2024 he recieved the 'Wild Futures: Art, Culture, Impact' Award by Creative Capital.
Solo shows have taken place at the Museum of Contemporary Art Detroit, Detroit, USA (2024); Art Gallery of York University, Toronto (2023); Saint Louis Art Museum (2022); The Current, Stowe, Vermont (2021); the Perez Art Museum Miami (2020) Smart Museum of Art, University of Chicago (2019); the University of Michigan Museum of Art (2020); Hammer Museum (2019); the Baltimore Museum of Art (2018); Fowler Museum, UCLA (2018); Williams College Museum of Art, Massachusetts (2017); Rochester Contemporary Art Center, New York (2017); the Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston (2015), as well as Stevenson, Cape Town and Johannesburg (2016, 2019); Jack Shainman Gallery, New York (2015, 2016; 2023); and Honor Fraser, Los Angeles (2014, 2018).
Notable group exhibitions include The Future is Present, the Harbinger is Home: Selections from Prospect.6, Museum of Contemporary Art, Denver, Colorado (2025); Prospect.6: the future is present, the harbinger is home, Contemporary Arts Center, New Orleans (2024); Project a Black Planet: The Art and Culture of Panafrica, Art Institute of Chicago (2024); One History, Two Versions, Spencer Museum of Art, The University of Kansas (2024); On the Passage of a Few People through a Rather Brief Period of Time, University Art Gallery, University of California, Irvine (2024); Giants: Art from the Dean Collection of Swizz Beatz and Alicia Keys, The Brooklyn Museum, New York, USA (2024); When We See Us: A Century of Black Figuration in Painting, Zeitz Museum of Contemporary of Art, Cape Town (2022); Eclipse, the 7th Athens Biennale (2021); Ubuntu, a lucid dream, Palais de Tokyo, Paris (2021); Art/Afrique, le nouvel atelier at Fondation Louis Vuitton (2017); The Ease of Fiction, a travelling exhibition which has shown at CAM Raleigh, North Carolina (2016); the African American Museum, Los Angeles (2016), and the Museum of the African Diaspora (2017); A story within a story…, the eighth Göteborg Biennale (2015); Meanwhile… Suddenly, and Then, the 12th Lyon Biennale (2013); Migrating Identities at the Yerba Buena Center for the Arts, San Francisco (2013); and Primary Sources and The Bearden Project at the Studio Museum, Harlem (both 2012).